This paper renders short descriptions of various diagnosis categories; it will include
definitions and examples. Neurodevelopmental disorders refer to the impairments of the
development and growth of the CNS (central nervous system) or the brain. Examples include
conduct disorders and autism among others (Renders, 2016). Schizophrenia Spectrum includes
schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, brief psychotic
disorder, schizophrenia, and schizotypal personality disorder. Bipolar and related disorders
involve depressive and manic episode(s). Manic episodes refer to abnormally-heightened levels
of thoughts, energy, and mood. Examples are Bipolar (I) Disorder, Cyclothymic Disorder, and
Bipolar (II) Disorder. Depressive disorders refer to illnesses that involve the person’s moods,
body, and thoughts. Examples include Psychotic and Postpartum depressions.
Anxiety disorders refer to mental health issues associated with fear, anxiety, and feelings
of worry that interfere with a person’s daily activities. Examples are Social Phobia and Panic
disorder. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder also referred to as OCD is anxiety disorder associated
with obsessions and compulsions, examples are repetitive behaviors like counting, hand washing,
and cleaning. Trauma and stressor-related disorders happen to those people exposed to stressful
and traumatic events. Examples are PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder) and ASD (acute stress
disorder). Dissociative disorders according to Renders (2016), are mental disorders that include
lack of continuity between memories, identity, thoughts, actions, and surroundings. Examples are
dissociative amnesia, dissociative identity disorder, and derealization disorder. Somatic symptom
& related disorders are associated with extreme focus on somatic (physical) symptoms that result
in major distress including interference with a person’s daily functioning. Examples are
dizziness, pain, fainting, and nausea. Feeding & eating disorders refer to any type of
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psychological disorders associated with disturbed or abnormal feeding/eating habits. An example
is anorexia nervosa.
Elimination disorders relate to when children normally above 4 years old have a bowel
movement and soil their pants; enuresis and encopresis are two examples of elimination
disorders. Sleep-wake disorders lead to varied distresses and severe ailments that affect mental
and physical activities, as well as social function. Examples are narcolepsy, insomnia disorder,
and nightmare disorder. Sexual dysfunction is an issue that occurs at any stage of sexual
response cycle; it inhibits the couple or individual from sexual satisfaction (Renders, 2016).
Examples are pain during intercourse and absence/delayed orgasm. Gender dysphoria refers to a
condition where the affected individual feels his/her psychological and emotional identity as
female or male to be the opposite of his/her gender. Examples include wearing clothes that
belong to the opposite gender. Disruption, impulsive control, & conduct disorders cause
individuals to act aggressively or angrily towards property or people; such individuals find it
hard to control their behavior and emotions. Examples include pyromania and kleptomania.
Substance-related & addictive disorders refer to psychiatric disorders that are associated
with difficulties in managing the use of certain substances or cravings for specific substances.
Examples are alcoholism and addiction to amphetamines, cocaine, sedatives, cannabis, and
various other addictive substances. According to Renders (2016), personality disorder can be
defined as pervasive patterns of instantaneous instability in relationships, mood swings, affect
and behavior, identity, and self-image. All these often result in impulsivity and self-harm. An
example of personality disorder is the histrionic personality disorder that is associated with
excessive emotions and attention-seeking behavior. Other examples include borderline
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personality disorder, avoidant personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, dependent
personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and histrionic personality disorder.
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References
Renders, N. D. E. R. E. (2016). Common disorders ~ natural remedies. Place of publication not identified: Bookbaby.